Overview:

The Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area located in the Western Ghats of Maharashtra, known for its rich biodiversity and scenic landscapes. Spanning across the Pune, Raigad, and Thane districts, the sanctuary is home to a variety of wildlife, including the endangered Indian Giant Squirrel, which is the state animal of Maharashtra. The sanctuary also surrounds the famous Bhimashankar Temple, making it a popular destination for both nature lovers and pilgrims.

History and Significance:

Established in 1984, the Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary was created with the primary aim of protecting the Indian Giant Squirrel (Shekru), a species endemic to this region. The sanctuary is part of the Western Ghats, a UNESCO World Heritage site, recognized for its unique and diverse flora and fauna. In addition to its ecological importance, the sanctuary is closely associated with the Bhimashankar Temple, one of the twelve Jyotirlingas of Lord Shiva, making it a significant spiritual and ecological destination.

Wildlife:

Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary is home to a diverse range of species that thrive in its lush forests and hilly terrain. Some of the notable wildlife includes:

• Indian Giant Squirrel (Shekru): The most famous resident of the sanctuary, this large, vibrant squirrel is often spotted in the canopy of the forest.
• Leopards: Though elusive, leopards inhabit the dense forests and can occasionally be spotted during safaris.
• Sambar Deer: A common herbivore, frequently seen grazing in the forest clearings.
• Wild Boar: Known for their aggressive nature, wild boars are commonly spotted foraging in the undergrowth.
• Other Mammals: Includes species like the barking deer, mongoose, and porcupines.
• Birds: Over 200 species of birds have been recorded, including the Malabar whistling thrush, grey jungle fowl, and various species of woodpeckers, making it a paradise for birdwatchers.
• Reptiles: The sanctuary is home to several reptile species, including pythons, cobras, and monitor lizards.

Flora:

The Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary features a mix of evergreen and deciduous forests, typical of the Western Ghats. The rich plant diversity not only supports the local wildlife but also provides a tranquil setting for visitors.

• Evergreen Forests: Dense forests with tall trees like teak, mango, and various fig species.
• Bamboo Groves: The sanctuary has large patches of bamboo, providing shelter for many species.
• Medicinal Plants: The forest is known for a variety of medicinal plants that are used by the local tribal communities for traditional healing practices.
• Shrubs and Climbers: The undergrowth is rich in shrubs and climbers, providing food and habitat for smaller animals and birds.

Safari and Activities:

Visitors to Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary can enjoy a range of activities that allow them to explore the sanctuary's natural beauty:

• Nature Walks: Guided nature walks are available, offering a chance to explore the forest trails while learning about the flora, fauna, and conservation efforts.
• Wildlife Safaris: Jeep safaris are conducted through the sanctuary, offering an opportunity to spot wildlife, particularly the Indian Giant Squirrel and other animals.
• Trekking: The sanctuary offers several trekking routes, with the Bhimashankar Trek being the most popular, leading to both the wildlife-rich areas and the Bhimashankar Temple.
• Bird Watching: The sanctuary is a bird-watcher’s paradise, with designated bird-watching areas where enthusiasts can spot rare and endemic species.

Best Time to Visit:

The best time to visit Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary is from October to March, when the weather is pleasant, and the wildlife is more active. During the monsoon season (June to September), the sanctuary transforms into a lush green paradise, though the trails can become slippery, making it less ideal for trekking.

Accommodation:

While there are no accommodations inside the sanctuary itself, visitors can find options nearby:

• Eco-Lodges: Located in nearby villages, these lodges offer sustainable stays close to nature, often run by the local communities.
• Guesthouses: Several guesthouses and hotels are available in Bhimashankar Village, catering to both budget and mid-range travelers.
• Forest Rest Houses: Government-run forest rest houses are available but need to be booked in advance through the Maharashtra Forest Department.
• Camping: Some areas around the sanctuary permit camping, providing an immersive experience amidst nature.

Accessibility:

Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary is well-connected by road and can be accessed from several major cities in Maharashtra:

• By Air: The nearest airport is Pune International Airport, approximately 110 km away, offering easy access to the sanctuary.
• By Rail: The closest railway station is Pune Junction, from where one can hire a taxi or take a bus to the sanctuary.
• By Road: The sanctuary is accessible via well-maintained roads, with regular bus services and taxis available from Pune and other nearby towns.

Conservation Efforts:

As part of the Western Ghats, Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary plays a crucial role in the conservation of India’s biodiversity. Some of the key initiatives include:

• Endangered Species Protection: Focus on protecting the Indian Giant Squirrel, as well as other vulnerable species through anti-poaching efforts and habitat preservation.
• Community Involvement: Local tribal communities are actively engaged in the conservation process, contributing their knowledge of the ecosystem.
• Eco-Tourism: The sanctuary promotes eco-friendly tourism to minimize the human impact on the environment, while also generating revenue for conservation and community development.

Travel Tips:

• Guided Tours: Always opt for guided tours or safaris to ensure you get the most out of your visit and stay safe.
• Respect Wildlife: Maintain a safe distance from animals and avoid disturbing them in their natural habitat.
• Trekking Gear: If planning to trek, bring comfortable shoes, water, and a first-aid kit, as the terrain can be challenging, especially during the monsoon.
• Advance Booking: Accommodations and safaris should be booked in advance, particularly during peak season.

Nearby Attractions:

Visitors to Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary can explore nearby attractions that complement the natural beauty of the region:

• Bhimashankar Temple: One of the twelve Jyotirlingas dedicated to Lord Shiva, this ancient temple is located within the sanctuary and attracts thousands of pilgrims.
• Hanuman Lake: A serene spot for picnics and birdwatching, located within the sanctuary.
• Ghodegaon: A small town near the sanctuary known for its historical significance and scenic surroundings.

The Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary offers a perfect blend of spirituality and nature, making it an ideal destination for wildlife enthusiasts, trekkers, and pilgrims alike.